feat: Refactor mcpServer.matchList config generation logic (#2207)

pkg/ingress/config/ingress_config.go

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/ingress"
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/ingressv1"
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/mcpbridge"
+	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/mcpserver"
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/secret"
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/util"
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/wasmplugin"
@@ -158,6 +159,8 @@ type IngressConfig struct {
 
 	// secretConfigMgr manages secret dependencies
 	secretConfigMgr *SecretConfigMgr
+
+	mcpServerCache mcpserver.McpServerCache
 }
 
 // getSecretValue implements the getValue function for secret references
@@ -224,6 +227,7 @@ func NewIngressConfig(localKubeClient kube.Client, xdsUpdater istiomodel.XDSUpda
 
 	higressConfigController := configmap.NewController(localKubeClient, clusterId, namespace)
 	config.configmapMgr = configmap.NewConfigmapMgr(xdsUpdater, namespace, higressConfigController, higressConfigController.Lister())
+	config.configmapMgr.RegisterMcpServerProvider(&config.mcpServerCache)
 
 	httpsConfigMgr, _ := cert.NewConfigMgr(namespace, localKubeClient.Kube())
 	config.httpsConfigMgr = httpsConfigMgr
@@ -421,6 +425,10 @@ func (m *IngressConfig) createWrapperConfigs(configs []config.Config) []common.W
 	m.watchedSecretSet = globalContext.WatchedSecrets
 	m.mutex.Unlock()
 
+	if m.mcpServerCache.SetMcpServers(globalContext.McpServers) {
+		m.notifyXDSFullUpdate(mcpserver.GvkMcpServer, "mcp-server-annotation-change", nil)
+	}
+
 	return wrapperConfigs
 }
 
@@ -590,7 +598,7 @@ func (m *IngressConfig) convertVirtualService(configs []common.WrapperConfig) []
 			Spec: vs,
 		})
 	}
-	// add vs from naco3 for mcp server
+	// add vs from nacos3 for mcp server
 	if m.RegistryReconciler != nil {
 		allConfigsFromMcp := m.RegistryReconciler.GetAllConfigs(gvk.VirtualService)
 		for _, cfg := range allConfigsFromMcp {
@@ -1208,9 +1216,9 @@ func (m *IngressConfig) AddOrUpdateMcpBridge(clusterNamespacedName util.ClusterN
 				f(config.Config{Meta: efMetadata}, config.Config{Meta: efMetadata}, istiomodel.EventUpdate)
 			}
 		}, m.localKubeClient, m.namespace, m.clusterId.String())
+		m.configmapMgr.RegisterMcpServerProvider(m.RegistryReconciler)
 	}
 	reconciler := m.RegistryReconciler
-	m.configmapMgr.SetMcpReconciler(m.RegistryReconciler)
 	err = reconciler.Reconcile(mcpbridge)
 	if err != nil {
 		IngressLog.Errorf("Mcpbridge reconcile failed, err:%v", err)
@@ -1776,3 +1784,19 @@ func (m *IngressConfig) Patch(config.Config, config.PatchFunc) (string, error) {
 func (m *IngressConfig) Delete(config.GroupVersionKind, string, string, *string) error {
 	return common.ErrUnsupportedOp
 }
+
+func (m *IngressConfig) notifyXDSFullUpdate(gvk config.GroupVersionKind, reason istiomodel.TriggerReason, updatedConfigName *util.ClusterNamespacedName) {
+	var configsUpdated map[istiomodel.ConfigKey]struct{}
+	if updatedConfigName != nil {
+		configsUpdated = map[istiomodel.ConfigKey]struct{}{{
+			Kind:      kind.MustFromGVK(gvk),
+			Name:      updatedConfigName.Name,
+			Namespace: updatedConfigName.Namespace,
+		}: {}}
+	}
+	m.XDSUpdater.ConfigUpdate(&istiomodel.PushRequest{
+		Full:           true,
+		ConfigsUpdated: configsUpdated,
+		Reason:         istiomodel.NewReasonStats(reason),
+	})
+}

pkg/ingress/kube/annotations/annotations.go

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import (
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/cluster"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/util/sets"
 	listersv1 "k8s.io/client-go/listers/core/v1"
+
+	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/mcpserver"
 )
 
 type GlobalContext struct {
@@ -30,6 +32,8 @@ type GlobalContext struct {
 	ClusterSecretLister map[cluster.ID]listersv1.SecretLister
 
 	ClusterServiceList map[cluster.ID]listersv1.ServiceLister
+
+	McpServers []*mcpserver.McpServer
 }
 
 type Meta struct {
@@ -169,6 +173,7 @@ func NewAnnotationHandlerManager() AnnotationHandler {
 			match{},
 			headerControl{},
 			http2rpc{},
+			mcpServer{},
 		},
 		gatewayHandlers: []GatewayHandler{
 			downstreamTLS{},

pkg/ingress/kube/annotations/mcpserver.go

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package annotations
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/mcpserver"
+	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/log"
+)
+
+const (
+	enableMcpServer            = "mcp-server"
+	mcpServerMatchRuleDomains  = "mcp-server-match-rule-domains"
+	mcpServerMatchRuleType     = "mcp-server-match-rule-type"
+	mcpServerMatchRuleValue    = "mcp-server-match-rule-value"
+	mcpServerUpstreamType      = "mcp-server-upstream-type"
+	mcpServerEnablePathRewrite = "mcp-server-enable-path-rewrite"
+	mcpServerPathRewritePrefix = "mcp-server-path-rewrite-prefix"
+)
+
+// help to conform mcpServer implements method of Parse
+var (
+	_ Parser = &mcpServer{}
+)
+
+type mcpServer struct{}
+
+func (a mcpServer) Parse(annotations Annotations, config *Ingress, globalContext *GlobalContext) error {
+	if globalContext == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	ingressKey := config.Namespace + "/" + config.Name
+
+	enabled, _ := annotations.ParseBoolASAP(enableMcpServer)
+	if !enabled {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var matchRuleDomains []string
+	rawMatchRuleDomains, _ := annotations.ParseStringASAP(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains)
+	if rawMatchRuleDomains == "" || rawMatchRuleDomains == "*" {
+		// Match all domains. Leave an empty slice.
+	} else if strings.Contains(rawMatchRuleDomains, ",") {
+		matchRuleDomains = strings.Split(rawMatchRuleDomains, ",")
+	} else {
+		matchRuleDomains = []string{rawMatchRuleDomains}
+	}
+
+	matchRuleType, _ := annotations.ParseStringASAP(mcpServerMatchRuleType)
+	if matchRuleType == "" {
+		log.IngressLog.Errorf("ingress %s: mcp-server-match-rule-path-type is empty", ingressKey)
+		return nil
+	} else if !mcpserver.ValidPathMatchTypes[matchRuleType] {
+		log.IngressLog.Errorf("ingress %s: mcp-server-match-rule-path-type %s is not supported", ingressKey, matchRuleType)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	matchRuleValue, _ := annotations.ParseStringASAP(mcpServerMatchRuleValue)
+
+	upstreamType, _ := annotations.ParseStringASAP(mcpServerUpstreamType)
+	if upstreamType != "" && !mcpserver.ValidUpstreamTypes[upstreamType] {
+		log.IngressLog.Errorf("mcp-server-upstream-type %s is not supported", upstreamType)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	enablePathRewrite, _ := annotations.ParseBoolASAP(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite)
+	pathRewritePrefix, _ := annotations.ParseStringASAP(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix)
+
+	globalContext.McpServers = append(globalContext.McpServers, &mcpserver.McpServer{
+		Name:              ingressKey,
+		Domains:           matchRuleDomains,
+		PathMatchType:     matchRuleType,
+		PathMatchValue:    matchRuleValue,
+		UpstreamType:      upstreamType,
+		EnablePathRewrite: enablePathRewrite,
+		PathRewritePrefix: pathRewritePrefix,
+	})
+
+	return nil
+}

pkg/ingress/kube/annotations/mcpserver_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package annotations
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
+
+	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/mcpserver"
+)
+
+func TestMCPServer_Parse(t *testing.T) {
+	parser := mcpServer{}
+	testCases := []struct {
+		skip   bool
+		input  Annotations
+		expect *mcpserver.McpServer
+	}{
+		{
+			// No annotation
+			input:  Annotations{},
+			expect: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			// Not enabled
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "false",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "www.foo.com",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "prefix",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "rest",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "",
+			},
+			expect: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled but no match rule type
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "www.foo.com",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "rest",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "",
+			},
+			expect: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled but empty match rule type
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "www.foo.com",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "rest",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "",
+			},
+			expect: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled but bad match rule type
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "www.foo.com",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "bad-type",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "rest",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "",
+			},
+			expect: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled but bad upstream type
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "www.foo.com",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "prefix",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "bad-type",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "",
+			},
+			expect: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled and rewrite not enabled
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "www.foo.com",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "prefix",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "rest",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "false",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "/",
+			},
+			expect: &mcpserver.McpServer{
+				Name:              "default/route",
+				Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+				PathMatchType:     "prefix",
+				PathMatchValue:    "/mcp",
+				UpstreamType:      "rest",
+				EnablePathRewrite: false,
+				PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled and rewrite not enabled and empty domain
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "prefix",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "rest",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "false",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "/",
+			},
+			expect: &mcpserver.McpServer{
+				Name:              "default/route",
+				Domains:           nil,
+				PathMatchType:     "prefix",
+				PathMatchValue:    "/mcp",
+				UpstreamType:      "rest",
+				EnablePathRewrite: false,
+				PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled and rewrite not enabled and wildcard domain
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "*",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "prefix",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "rest",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "false",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "/",
+			},
+			expect: &mcpserver.McpServer{
+				Name:              "default/route",
+				Domains:           nil,
+				PathMatchType:     "prefix",
+				PathMatchValue:    "/mcp",
+				UpstreamType:      "rest",
+				EnablePathRewrite: false,
+				PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled and rewrite enabled with root
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "www.foo.com",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "prefix",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "rest",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "/",
+			},
+			expect: &mcpserver.McpServer{
+				Name:              "default/route",
+				Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+				PathMatchType:     "prefix",
+				PathMatchValue:    "/mcp",
+				UpstreamType:      "rest",
+				EnablePathRewrite: true,
+				PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled and rewrite enabled with root
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "www.foo.com",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "prefix",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "rest",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "/mcp-api",
+			},
+			expect: &mcpserver.McpServer{
+				Name:              "default/route",
+				Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+				PathMatchType:     "prefix",
+				PathMatchValue:    "/mcp",
+				UpstreamType:      "rest",
+				EnablePathRewrite: true,
+				PathRewritePrefix: "/mcp-api",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			// Enabled and multiple domains
+			input: Annotations{
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(enableMcpServer):            "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleDomains):  "www.foo.com,www.bar.com",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleType):     "exact",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerMatchRuleValue):    "/mcp",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerUpstreamType):      "sse",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerEnablePathRewrite): "true",
+				buildHigressAnnotationKey(mcpServerPathRewritePrefix): "/",
+			},
+			expect: &mcpserver.McpServer{
+				Name:              "default/route",
+				Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com", "www.bar.com"},
+				PathMatchType:     "exact",
+				PathMatchValue:    "/mcp",
+				UpstreamType:      "sse",
+				EnablePathRewrite: true,
+				PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testCases {
+		if tt.skip {
+			return
+		}
+
+		t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
+			config := &Ingress{Meta: Meta{
+				Namespace: "default",
+				Name:      "route",
+			}}
+			globalContext := &GlobalContext{}
+			_ = parser.Parse(tt.input, config, globalContext)
+			if tt.expect == nil {
+				if len(globalContext.McpServers) != 0 {
+					t.Fatalf("globalContext.McpServers is not empty: %v", globalContext.McpServers)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+
+			if len(globalContext.McpServers) != 1 {
+				t.Fatalf("globalContext.McpServers length is not 1: %v", globalContext.McpServers)
+			}
+
+			if diff := cmp.Diff(tt.expect, globalContext.McpServers[0]); diff != "" {
+				t.Fatalf("TestMCPServer_Parse() mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

pkg/ingress/kube/configmap/controller.go

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"reflect"
 	"sync/atomic"
 
-	"github.com/alibaba/higress/registry/reconcile"
 	"istio.io/istio/pilot/pkg/model"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/cluster"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config"
@@ -33,6 +32,7 @@ import (
 	"sigs.k8s.io/yaml"
 
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/controller"
+	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/mcpserver"
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/util"
 	. "github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/log"
 )
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ type ItemController interface {
 	ValidHigressConfig(higressConfig *HigressConfig) error
 	ConstructEnvoyFilters() ([]*config.Config, error)
 	RegisterItemEventHandler(eventHandler ItemEventHandler)
-	RegisterMcpReconciler(reconciler *reconcile.Reconciler)
 }
 
 type ConfigmapMgr struct {
@@ -113,9 +112,11 @@ func (c *ConfigmapMgr) GetHigressConfig() *HigressConfig {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *ConfigmapMgr) SetMcpReconciler(reconciler *reconcile.Reconciler) {
+func (c *ConfigmapMgr) RegisterMcpServerProvider(provider mcpserver.McpServerProvider) {
 	for _, itemController := range c.ItemControllers {
-		itemController.RegisterMcpReconciler(reconciler)
+		if mcpRouteProviderAware, ok := itemController.(mcpserver.McpRouteProviderAware); ok {
+			mcpRouteProviderAware.RegisterMcpServerProvider(provider)
+		}
 	}
 }
 

pkg/ingress/kube/configmap/global.go

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/util"
 	. "github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/log"
-	"github.com/alibaba/higress/registry/reconcile"
 	networking "istio.io/api/networking/v1alpha3"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config/schema/gvk"
@@ -377,9 +376,6 @@ func (g *GlobalOptionController) RegisterItemEventHandler(eventHandler ItemEvent
 	g.eventHandler = eventHandler
 }
 
-func (g *GlobalOptionController) RegisterMcpReconciler(reconciler *reconcile.Reconciler) {
-}
-
 // generateDownstreamEnvoyFilter generates the downstream envoy filter.
 func (g *GlobalOptionController) generateDownstreamEnvoyFilter(downstreamValueStruct string, bufferLimitStruct string, routeTimeoutStruct string, namespace string) []*networking.EnvoyFilter_EnvoyConfigObjectPatch {
 	var downstreamConfig []*networking.EnvoyFilter_EnvoyConfigObjectPatch

pkg/ingress/kube/configmap/gzip.go

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/util"
 	. "github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/log"
-	"github.com/alibaba/higress/registry/reconcile"
 	networking "istio.io/api/networking/v1alpha3"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config/schema/gvk"
@@ -292,9 +291,6 @@ func (g *GzipController) RegisterItemEventHandler(eventHandler ItemEventHandler)
 	g.eventHandler = eventHandler
 }
 
-func (g *GzipController) RegisterMcpReconciler(reconciler *reconcile.Reconciler) {
-}
-
 func (g *GzipController) constructGzipStruct(gzip *Gzip, namespace string) string {
 	gzipConfig := ""
 	contentType := ""

pkg/ingress/kube/configmap/mcp_server.go

@@ -22,12 +22,13 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 
-	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/util"
-	. "github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/log"
-	"github.com/alibaba/higress/registry/reconcile"
 	networking "istio.io/api/networking/v1alpha3"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config/schema/gvk"
+
+	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/mcpserver"
+	"github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/kube/util"
+	. "github.com/alibaba/higress/pkg/ingress/log"
 )
 
 // RedisConfig defines the configuration for Redis connection
@@ -232,18 +233,19 @@ func deepCopyMcpServer(mcp *McpServer) (*McpServer, error) {
 }
 
 type McpServerController struct {
-	Namespace    string
-	mcpServer    atomic.Value
-	Name         string
-	eventHandler ItemEventHandler
-	reconciler   *reconcile.Reconciler
+	Namespace          string
+	mcpServer          atomic.Value
+	Name               string
+	eventHandler       ItemEventHandler
+	mcpServerProviders map[mcpserver.McpServerProvider]bool
 }
 
 func NewMcpServerController(namespace string) *McpServerController {
 	mcpController := &McpServerController{
-		Namespace: namespace,
-		mcpServer: atomic.Value{},
-		Name:      "mcpServer",
+		Namespace:          namespace,
+		Name:               "mcpServer",
+		mcpServer:          atomic.Value{},
+		mcpServerProviders: make(map[mcpserver.McpServerProvider]bool),
 	}
 	mcpController.SetMcpServer(NewDefaultMcpServer())
 	return mcpController
@@ -310,8 +312,11 @@ func (m *McpServerController) RegisterItemEventHandler(eventHandler ItemEventHan
 	m.eventHandler = eventHandler
 }
 
-func (m *McpServerController) RegisterMcpReconciler(reconciler *reconcile.Reconciler) {
-	m.reconciler = reconciler
+func (m *McpServerController) RegisterMcpServerProvider(provider mcpserver.McpServerProvider) {
+	if m.mcpServerProviders == nil {
+		m.mcpServerProviders = make(map[mcpserver.McpServerProvider]bool)
+	}
+	m.mcpServerProviders[provider] = true
 }
 
 func (m *McpServerController) ConstructEnvoyFilters() ([]*config.Config, error) {
@@ -406,10 +411,36 @@ func (m *McpServerController) ConstructEnvoyFilters() ([]*config.Config, error)
 
 func (m *McpServerController) constructMcpSessionStruct(mcp *McpServer) string {
 	// Build match_list configuration
-	matchList := "[]"
-	var matchConfigs []string
-	if len(mcp.MatchList) > 0 {
-		for _, rule := range mcp.MatchList {
+	var matchList []*MatchRule
+	matchList = append(matchList, mcp.MatchList...)
+	for provider, _ := range m.mcpServerProviders {
+		servers := provider.GetMcpServers()
+		if len(servers) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, server := range servers {
+			matchRuleDomain := ""
+			if len(server.Domains) != 0 {
+				if len(server.Domains) > 1 {
+					matchRuleDomain = fmt.Sprintf("(%s)", strings.Join(server.Domains, "|"))
+				} else {
+					matchRuleDomain = server.Domains[0]
+				}
+			}
+			matchList = append(matchList, &MatchRule{
+				MatchRuleDomain:   matchRuleDomain,
+				MatchRuleType:     server.PathMatchType,
+				MatchRulePath:     server.PathMatchValue,
+				UpstreamType:      server.UpstreamType,
+				EnablePathRewrite: server.EnablePathRewrite,
+				PathRewritePrefix: server.PathRewritePrefix,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+	matchListConfig := "[]"
+	if len(matchList) > 0 {
+		matchConfigs := make([]string, 0, len(matchList))
+		for _, rule := range matchList {
 			matchConfigs = append(matchConfigs, fmt.Sprintf(`{
 				"match_rule_domain": "%s",
 				"match_rule_path": "%s",
@@ -419,28 +450,9 @@ func (m *McpServerController) constructMcpSessionStruct(mcp *McpServer) string {
 				"path_rewrite_prefix": "%s"
 			}`, rule.MatchRuleDomain, rule.MatchRulePath, rule.MatchRuleType, rule.UpstreamType, rule.EnablePathRewrite, rule.PathRewritePrefix))
 		}
+		matchListConfig = fmt.Sprintf("[%s]", strings.Join(matchConfigs, ","))
 	}
 
-	if m.reconciler != nil {
-		vsFromMcp := m.reconciler.GetAllConfigs(gvk.VirtualService)
-		for _, c := range vsFromMcp {
-			vs := c.Spec.(*networking.VirtualService)
-			var host string
-			if len(vs.Hosts) > 1 {
-				host = fmt.Sprintf("(%s)", strings.Join(vs.Hosts, "|"))
-			} else {
-				host = vs.Hosts[0]
-			}
-			path := vs.Http[0].Match[0].Uri.GetPrefix()
-			matchConfigs = append(matchConfigs, fmt.Sprintf(`{
-				"match_rule_domain": "%s",
-				"match_rule_path": "%s",
-				"match_rule_type": "prefix"
-			}`, host, path))
-		}
-	}
-	matchList = fmt.Sprintf("[%s]", strings.Join(matchConfigs, ","))
-
 	// Build redis configuration
 	redisConfig := "null"
 	if mcp.Redis != nil {
@@ -492,7 +504,7 @@ func (m *McpServerController) constructMcpSessionStruct(mcp *McpServer) string {
 		redisConfig,
 		rateLimitConfig,
 		mcp.SSEPathSuffix,
-		matchList,
+		matchListConfig,
 		mcp.EnableUserLevelServer)
 }
 

pkg/ingress/kube/configmap/tracing.go

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import (
 	"reflect"
 	"sync/atomic"
 
-	"github.com/alibaba/higress/registry/reconcile"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config"
 	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config/schema/gvk"
 
@@ -238,9 +237,6 @@ func (t *TracingController) RegisterItemEventHandler(eventHandler ItemEventHandl
 	t.eventHandler = eventHandler
 }
 
-func (t *TracingController) RegisterMcpReconciler(reconciler *reconcile.Reconciler) {
-}
-
 func (t *TracingController) ConstructEnvoyFilters() ([]*config.Config, error) {
 	configs := make([]*config.Config, 0)
 	tracing := t.GetTracing()

pkg/ingress/kube/mcpserver/model.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package mcpserver
+
+import (
+	"istio.io/istio/pkg/config"
+)
+
+var (
+	GvkMcpServer = config.GroupVersionKind{Group: "networking.higress.io", Version: "v1alpha1", Kind: "McpServer"}
+)
+
+const (
+	UpstreamTypeRest       string = "rest"
+	UpstreamTypeSSE        string = "sse"
+	UpstreamTypeStreamable string = "streamable"
+
+	ExactMatchType    string = "exact"
+	PrefixMatchType   string = "prefix"
+	SuffixMatchType   string = "suffix"
+	ContainsMatchType string = "contains"
+	RegexMatchType    string = "regex"
+)
+
+var (
+	ValidUpstreamTypes = map[string]bool{
+		UpstreamTypeRest:       true,
+		UpstreamTypeSSE:        true,
+		UpstreamTypeStreamable: true,
+	}
+	ValidPathMatchTypes = map[string]bool{
+		ExactMatchType:    true,
+		PrefixMatchType:   true,
+		SuffixMatchType:   true,
+		ContainsMatchType: true,
+		RegexMatchType:    true,
+	}
+)
+
+type McpServer struct {
+	Name              string   `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Domains           []string `json:"domains,omitempty"`
+	PathMatchType     string   `json:"path_match_type,omitempty"`
+	PathMatchValue    string   `json:"path_match_value,omitempty"`
+	UpstreamType      string   `json:"upstream_type,omitempty"`
+	EnablePathRewrite bool     `json:"enable_path_rewrite,omitempty"`
+	PathRewritePrefix string   `json:"path_rewrite_prefix,omitempty"`
+}

pkg/ingress/kube/mcpserver/provider.go

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package mcpserver
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+type McpServerProvider interface {
+	GetMcpServers() []*McpServer
+}
+
+type McpRouteProviderAware interface {
+	RegisterMcpServerProvider(provider McpServerProvider)
+}
+
+type McpServerCache struct {
+	mcpServers []*McpServer
+	mutex      sync.RWMutex
+}
+
+func (c *McpServerCache) GetMcpServers() []*McpServer {
+	c.mutex.RLock()
+	defer c.mutex.RUnlock()
+	return c.mcpServers
+}
+
+// SetMcpServers sets the mcp servers and returns true if the cached list is changed
+func (c *McpServerCache) SetMcpServers(mcpServers []*McpServer) bool {
+	c.mutex.Lock()
+	defer c.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	sortedMcpServers := make([]*McpServer, 0, len(mcpServers))
+	sortedMcpServers = append(sortedMcpServers, mcpServers...)
+	// Sort the mcp servers by PathMatchValue in descending order
+	slices.SortFunc(sortedMcpServers, func(a, b *McpServer) int {
+		return strings.Compare(a.Name, b.Name)
+	})
+
+	if len(c.mcpServers) == len(sortedMcpServers) {
+		changed := false
+		for i := range c.mcpServers {
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(c.mcpServers[i], sortedMcpServers[i]) {
+				changed = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !changed {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	c.mcpServers = sortedMcpServers
+	return true
+}

pkg/ingress/kube/mcpserver/provider_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,654 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package mcpserver
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
+)
+
+func TestMcpServerCache_GetSet(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		skip    bool
+		init    []*McpServer
+		input   []*McpServer
+		expect  []*McpServer
+		changed bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "nil",
+			init:    nil,
+			input:   nil,
+			changed: false,
+			expect:  nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "nil to non-nil",
+			init: nil,
+			input: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			changed: true,
+			expect: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "non-nil to non-nil (length increase)",
+			init: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+			},
+			input: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			changed: true,
+			expect: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "non-nil to non-nil (length decrease)",
+			init: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			input: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+			},
+			changed: true,
+			expect: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "non-nil to non-nil (length unchanged + name field changed)",
+			init: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			input: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3-1",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			changed: true,
+			expect: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3-1",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "non-nil to non-nil (length unchanged + non-name field changed)",
+			init: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			input: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar-2.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test4",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			changed: true,
+			expect: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar-2.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test4",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "non-nil to non-nil (content unchanged + order unchanged)",
+			init: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			input: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			changed: false,
+			expect: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "non-nil to non-nil (content unchanged + order changed)",
+			init: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+			},
+			input: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+			},
+			changed: false,
+			expect: []*McpServer{
+				{
+					Name:              "test1",
+					Domains:           nil,
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test1",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeRest,
+					EnablePathRewrite: false,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test2",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.foo.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test2",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeSSE,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/test",
+				},
+				{
+					Name:              "test3",
+					Domains:           []string{"www.bar.com"},
+					PathMatchType:     ExactMatchType,
+					PathMatchValue:    "/mcp/test3",
+					UpstreamType:      UpstreamTypeStreamable,
+					EnablePathRewrite: true,
+					PathRewritePrefix: "/",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range testCases {
+		if tt.skip {
+			continue
+		}
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			provider := &McpServerCache{}
+
+			if provider.GetMcpServers() != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("GetMcpServers doesn't return nil before testing.")
+			}
+
+			_ = provider.SetMcpServers(tt.init)
+
+			changed := provider.SetMcpServers(tt.input)
+			if changed != tt.changed {
+				t.Fatalf("actual changed %t != expect changed %t", changed, tt.changed)
+				return
+			}
+
+			actual := provider.GetMcpServers()
+
+			if len(actual) != len(tt.expect) {
+				t.Fatalf("actual length %d != expect length %d", len(actual), len(tt.expect))
+			}
+			for i := range actual {
+				if diff := cmp.Diff(tt.expect[i], actual[i]); diff != "" {
+					t.Fatalf("TestMcpServerCache_GetSet() mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}